Gambling is wagering something of value on an event whose outcome is determined by chance. It can be fun and harmless, but a subset of gamblers develop gambling disorder, which is characterized by compulsive and recurrent gambling that causes significant distress or impairment.
Most adults and adolescents have placed a bet of some kind, often for entertainment purposes. In general, these bets are not problematic, but when the behavior begins to cause distress, it is considered a problem and is classified as pathological gambling in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (Fifth Edition). This category is also reserved for addiction to substances, which is often referred to as substance abuse or dependency.
In addition to the pleasure that comes from winning, there are other reasons people gamble. For some, it is a way to meet basic needs such as the need for belonging or the desire to experience thrills and excitement. It is also a common escape coping mechanism, used to alleviate boredom or stress by distracting the person from the unpleasant emotion, and is often facilitated by social pressures to participate in gambling.
People who are at risk for developing gambling disorder often display a combination of risk factors, including impulsivity and sensation-seeking, as well as poor impulse control. Some studies have linked these factors to genetic predisposition, alterations in brain reward systems and a lack of emotional regulation. Other risk factors include a history of trauma or loss, use of escape coping strategies, depression, and stressful life experiences.
The most important step in overcoming gambling addiction is admitting that you have a problem, which can be difficult, especially when it has cost you money and strained or even broken relationships. Once you acknowledge the issue, however, you can begin to take steps to change your habits and seek treatment.
Many gamblers hide their activity from others, lying about the amount they bet or hiding their gambling-related purchases. This can make it difficult to ask for help, but seeking professional therapy is a proven way to break the cycle and overcome your addiction.
Aside from therapy, you can also try changing your environment by removing triggers and establishing new routines. It is also helpful to address any underlying mood disorders that may contribute to your gambling, such as depression, anxiety or stress.
If you’re ready to tackle your gambling addiction, BetterHelp can help. Our online assessment will match you with a licensed therapist who can provide expert support and guidance as you recover. Get started with your free assessment today!